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. 2016 Jun 3;7:849. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00849

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Copyright © 2016 Marcoleta, Berríos-Pastén, Nuñez, Monasterio and Lagos.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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The MccE492-production gene cluster is located inside a 23-kbp genomic region with biased GC content and codon usage. A 500-kbp region of the KpRYC492 chromosome (coordinates 1,466,268–1,966,267) was analyzed (n: distance in base-pairs to the start of the segment). GC profile algorithm calculations (A) indicated that two segmentation points (blue arrows) delimitate a 23-kbp region (dark yellow area) comprising MccE492 production cluster. This region showed an average GC content of 44% (B). Codon adaptation index (CAI) calculations revealed that genes located inside this region also show a strong bias in codon usage (C). The red dot corresponds to the CAI value for the integrase gene located between the MccE492 coding gene and the asn-tRNA gene. Gray arrows in (A) indicate two additional segmentation points delimitating a further region unrelated to GIE492 that could also be acquired horizontally.