Table 3. Associations between long-term use of TCA (⩾3 years) and risk of glioma, specified by subgroups.

	Cases	Controls	Crude ORa	Adjusted ORb
Sex
Men	4/2164	149/42 963	0.53 (0.20–1.43)	0.54 (0.20–1.46)
Women	9/1466	224/29 189	0.81 (0.41–1.57)	0.84 (0.43–1.64)
Age
18–49 years	—/928	34/18 478	—	—
50–64 years	6/1443	146/28 716	0.83 (0.37–1.87)	0.83 (0.37–1.89)
65–85 years	5/1259	193/24 958	0.51 (0.21–1.25)	0.54 (0.22–1.32)
Histological subgroup
Glioblastoma multiforme	7/2262	255/44 905	0.54 (0.26–1.15)	0.56 (0.26–1.19)
Comorbidity
No polyneuropathy	13/3614	363/71 873	0.72 (0.41–1.25)	0.74 (0.42–1.28)

Abbreviations: OR=odds ratio.

In all analyses prescriptions within the year prior to the index date were disregarded.

^aAdjusted for age and gender (by design; risk-set matching and conditional analysis).

^bFurther adjusted for (i) use (⩾2 prescriptions) of statins, anti-diabetics, low-dose aspirin, non-aspirin NSAIDs, inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin system, antihistamines, anti-asthma drugs, oral contraceptives, and hormonal replacement therapy; (ii) previous diagnoses of diabetes, stroke, allergy, and asthma; and (iii) highest achieved education.