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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Jun 3.
Published in final edited form as: Neurochem Int. 2015 Jul 30;89:191–197. doi: 10.1016/j.neuint.2015.07.023

Fig. 3.

Fig. 3

Select brain-available polyphenol metabolites increase CREB and mTOR signaling in primary neurons. (A) HPLC diagram of brain-available polyphenol metabolites. Effect of commercially available polyphenol metabolites on the phosphorylation of (B) CREB on Ser133 and (C) p70S6K on Thr412. (D) Effect of malvidin-3-O-glucoside on mTOR/p70S6K signaling. 1: 3′-O-methyl-epicatechin-O-β-Glucuronide; 2: cyanidin-3-O-glucoside; 3: delphinidin-3-O-glucoside; 4: malvidin-3-O-glucoside; 5: quercetin-3-O-glucuronide. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 by two-tailed t-test.