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. 2016 Jun 3;18:128. doi: 10.1186/s13075-016-1025-y

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© The Author(s). 2016

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Fig. 4 — Topical application of curcumin nanoparticles on the mouse knee is localized in the infrapatellar fat pad and suppresses adipokine and adipogenesis-related gene expression. H&E staining and confocal microscopy of the infrapatellar fat pad of mouse knee joints treated with topical nano-encapsulated curcumin (Nano-C). Representative histologic images are shown (a). Relative mRNA expression of adipokines, adipogenesis-related transcription regulators, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-13), and a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs (ADAMTS5) in the infrapatellar fat pad of curcumin nanoparticles-treated mice vs vehicle controls (b). Adp Adiponectin, Pparg peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, Cebpa CCAAT/enhancer binding protein alpha, Veh vehicle. *P < 0.05, t test, n = 3/group. Scale bar = 50 μm