Table 1.

Subject characteristics

Variable	Young Adults (n = 14)	Untrained Older Adults (n = 16)	Trained Older Adults (n = 16)
Age, yr	23 ± 1	66 ± 1*	66 ± 2*
Men/women	9/5	10/6	9/7
Height, cm	174 ± 2	172 ± 2	170 ± 2
Weight, kg	75 ± 3	78 ± 3	72 ± 2
Body mass index, kg/m2	24.7 ± 0.6	26.5 ± 0.7	24.7 ± 0.7
Percent body fat	27.1 ± 1.9	31.9 ± 1.7	28.0 ± 2.0
Forearm muscle mass, kg	0.94 ± 0.08	0.90 ± 0.06	0.85 ± 0.07
Thigh muscle mass, kg	7.5 ± 0.5	6.9 ± 0.3	7.0 ± 0.3
V̇o2peak, ml·kg−1·min−1	44.3 ± 2.6	30.6 ± 1.5*	37.5 ± 1.9†
MVC, kg	41 ± 3	41 ± 3	40 ± 3
WRmax, W	41 ± 4	29 ± 2*	37 ± 3
Systolic pressure, mmHg	117 ± 2	123 ± 3	123 ± 3
Diastolic pressure, mmHg	72 ± 2	75 ± 2	77 ± 2
Mean arterial pressure, mmHg	87 ± 2	91 ± 2	92 ± 2

Values are means ± SE. V̇o_2peak, peak exercise oxygen consumption; MVC, maximal voluntary contraction; WR_max, work rate maximum.

^*P < 0.05 vs. young adults.

^†P < 0.05 vs. untrained older adults.