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. 2016 Jun 3;17:63. doi: 10.1186/s12875-016-0463-6
Patient factor Example
Patient factor 1: patient started treatment on his own, as he/she was in possession of an antibiotic (asked in the pharmacy, had at home, other source, what source?) “I had antibiotics from the previous therapy and I started them on my own.”
Patient factor 2: direct request for antibiotics “I need an antibiotic as I have had several infections in the last few weeks.”
Patient factor 3: candidate diagnosis “I must have sinusitis.” “This must be tonsillitis.”
Patient factor 4: emphasising the necessity of quick recovery, appealing to life circumstances “I need to get back to work.” “I need to take care of my child.”
Patient factor 5: without being asked by the physician, the patient insists that antibiotics were effective in similar cases in the past “When I had similar symptoms last year, I received an antibiotic and it helped.”
Patient factor 6: the patient recalls that a family member was prescribed an antibiotic when he/she had similar symptoms and had good results “My mom was prescribed an antibiotic when she had a similar cough and it helped.”
Patient factor 7: the patient says that similar symptoms in the past did not resolve without an antibiotic “I know that when I have cough like this it won’t stop unless I get an antibiotic. It is always like that.”
Patient factor 8: patient emphasizes the severity of symptoms (portraying severity of illness) “This cough is going to kill me.”
“The sore throat is so intense.”
Patient factor 9: direct request not to prescribe antibiotics “I don’t want an antibiotic as it makes my immune system weaker.”
Patient factor 10: other expressions used by the patient that may influence prescription decision “Over-the-counter remedies that I took didn’t help at all and neither did the syrup you prescribed me.”