TABLE 3.
Demographic characteristics by gestational weight gain
| Demographic | Overall cohort (n = 237) |
Gestational weight gain | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Not excess (n = 144; 60.76%) |
Excess (n = 93; 39.24%) |
|||
| Age, ya | 27.2 ± 6.0 | 27.3 ± 6.1 | 27.0 ± 5.9 | .640 |
| Race/ethnicity, n (%)b | ||||
| Hispanic | 202 (85.6) | 126 (88.1) | 76 (81.7) | |
| Black | 26 (11.0) | 14 (9.8) | 12 (12.9) | |
| White | 4 (1.7) | 1 (0.7) | 3 (3.2) | |
| Other | 4 (1.7) | 2 (1.4) | 2 (2.2) | .380 |
| Prepregnancy body mass indexa,c | 28.8 ± 6.4 | 27.9 ± 6.4 | 30.2 ± 6.3 | .007d |
| Underweight | 3 ± 1.3 | 3 ± 2.1 | 0 | |
| Normal | 66 ± 27.8 | 53 ± 36.8 | 13 ± 14.0 | |
| Overweight | 84 ± 35.4 | 46 ± 31.9 | 38 ± 40.9 | |
| Obese | 84 ± 35.4 | 42 ± 29.2 | 42 ± 45.2 | < .001d |
| Paritya | 1.6 ± 1.4 | 1.61 ± 1.4 | 1.48 ± 1.3 | .488 |
| 0, n (%) | 66 (27.8) | 37 (25.7) | 29 (31.2) | |
| 1, n (%) | 55 (23.2) | 36 (25.0) | 19 (20.4) | |
| ≥2, n (%) | 116 (48.9) | 71 (49.3) | 45 (48.4) | .569 |
| Antenatal infection, n (%) | 78 (32.9) | 42 (29.2) | 36 (38.7) | .127 |
| Sexually transmitted infection | 45 (19.0) | 24 (16.7) | 21 (22.6) | .257 |
| Urinary tract infection | 42 (17.7) | 20 (13.9) | 22 (23.7) | .055 |
| Other | 5 (2.1) | 3 (2.1) | 2 (2.2) | .972 |
| Streptococcus agalactiae positive, n (%) | 47 (21.9) | 30 (22.9) | 17 (20.2) | .645 |
| Delivery | ||||
| Infant birthweight, ga | 3173.8 ± 618.0 | 3095.6 ± 597.7 | 3296.7 ± 632.6 | .015d |
| Gestational age at delivery, wka | 38.2 ± 2.4 | 38.1 ± 2.5 | 38.5 ± 2.4 | .21 |
| Preterm delivery, n (%) | 62 (26.2) | 42 (29.2) | 20 (21.5) | .190 |
| Cesarean delivery, n (%) | 54 (22.8) | 33 (22.9) | 21 (22.6) | .952 |
| Maternal comorbidities/outcomes, n (%) | ||||
| Diabetes mellitus | 58 (24.5) | 38 (26.4) | 20 (21.5) | .393 |
| Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus | 10 (4.2) | 5 (3.5) | 5 (5.4) | .476 |
| Hypertensive disorder | 7 (3.0) | 5 (3.5) | 2 (2.2) | .557 |
a
Data are given as mean ± SD;
b
One woman did not report her race/ethnicity;
c
When the prepregnancy body mass index was examined among preterm deliveries, there was no difference in the prevalence of obesity among women with excess gestational weight gain; additionally, the mean body mass index was 28.3 ± 7.233 kg/m2 vs 30.64 ± 5.355 kg/m2 (P = .203);
d
Denotes significance.
Antony. The preterm placental microbiome varies with excess weight gain. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2015.