Table 3.

Total nut consumption and risk of colorectal cancer, stratified by BMI and physical activity ^*

			Frequency of nut consumption (28g serving)
	Cases	Person-years	Never	1–3 times/month	Once/week	≥ 2 times/week	Ptrend	Pinteraction
Nut intake, servings/d			0	0.01–0.09	0.10–0.19	≥ 0.20
Body mass index (BMI)								0.14
< 25 kg/m2	603	943,976	1.00	0.85 (0.66, 1.08)	0.88 (0.67, 1.17)	0.91 (0.69, 1.20)	0.93
≥ 25kg/m2	733	905,415	1.00	1.13 (0.90, 1.42)	1.11 (0.85, 1.45)	0.82 (0.62, 1.09)	0.01
Physical activity†								0.20
High physical activity	693	1,080,247	1.00	0.97 (0.77, 1.24)	0.95 (0.72, 1.25)	0.78 (0.59, 1.03)	0.02
Low physical activity	755	910,096	1.00	1.04 (0.84, 1.30)	1.04 (0.80, 1.34)	1.01 (0.78, 1.32)	0.89
BMI and Physical activity								0.94
BMI<25 and high physical activity	318	565,384	1.00	0.90 (0.63, 1.27)	0.80 (0.53, 1.19)	0.78 (0.53, 1.17)	0.27
Intermediate group	603	800,522	1.00	1.00 (0.78, 1.29)	1.13 (0.84, 1.50)	0.96 (0.71, 1.30)	0.72
BMI≥25 and low	399	458,321	1.00	1.07 (0.79, 1.44)	1.01 (0.71, 1.45)	0.78 (0.53, 1.15)	0.07

^*Adjusted for age (month), physical activity (metabolic-equivalents/week, quintiles), family history of colorectal cancer (yes/no), history of previous lower endoscopy (yes/no), history of ulcerative colitis (yes/no), history of polyps (yes/no), aspirin use (<1, 1–3, 3.1–7, >7 tablets/week), multivitamin use (yes/no), pack-years of smoking (never smoker, 1–9, 10–24,25–44, and ≥ 45 pack-years), alcohol intake (never, 0.1–5, 5.1–15, > 15 g/d), and total energy intake (kcal, continuous), body-mass index (<22, 22–22.9, 23–24.9, 25–28.9, ≥29 kg/m²), and history of diabetes mellitus (yes/no).

^†High physical activity group was defined by metabolic-equivalents/week more than the median level; low physical activity group was defined by metabolic-equivalents per week less than or equal to median level.