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. 2016 May 18;6(5):160028. doi: 10.1098/rsob.160028

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© 2016 The Authors.

Published by the Royal Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, which permits unrestricted use, provided the original author and source are credited.

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Figure 3. — NOX2 in neutrophils, From [62]. NOX2 transfers electrons from NADPH in the cytosol onto O₂ in the vacuole to produce that dismutates to form which is protonated to H₂O₂ that then breaks down to H₂O and O₂. The charge generated across the phagocytic vacuole is largely compensated not only by H⁺ passing into the vacuole through Hvcn1, but also by K⁺ passing in the same, and possibly Cl⁻ in the opposite, direction. The charge separation leaves H⁺ in the cytoplasm, which acidifies and protonation of alkalinizes the vacuole. The alkaline vacuole and redistribution of ions activates the enzymes released from the granules that then kill and digest the microbe.

Inline graphic — NOX2 in neutrophils, From [62]. NOX2 transfers electrons from NADPH in the cytosol onto O₂ in the vacuole to produce that dismutates to form which is protonated to H₂O₂ that then breaks down to H₂O and O₂. The charge generated across the phagocytic vacuole is largely compensated not only by H⁺ passing into the vacuole through Hvcn1, but also by K⁺ passing in the same, and possibly Cl⁻ in the opposite, direction. The charge separation leaves H⁺ in the cytoplasm, which acidifies and protonation of alkalinizes the vacuole. The alkaline vacuole and redistribution of ions activates the enzymes released from the granules that then kill and digest the microbe.