BALB/c mice were first infected with 3x106 stationary phase parasites. Fourteen days post-infection, the mice were immunized via the nasal route with promastigote lysate (PL), wild-type CNF1 (WT CNF1), catalytically inactive CNF1 (mCNF1), or promastigote lysate plus either WT CNF1 (PL + WT CNF1) or catalytically inactive CNF1 (PL + mCNF1). Twenty-one and 28 days post infection, the mice were immunized again. The controls represent infected but non-immunized animals. At day 42, the mice were sacrificed, and spleen homogenates were challenged with 50 μg/ml PL for 48 hours. Supernatants were collected and assayed for IL-2 (A), IFN-γ (note, on graph it is INF) (B) and IL-4 (C) by ELISA. The bars represent the mean cytokine production ± SEM. *: p<0.05, *: p<0.05, **: p<0,01, ***: p<0,001. n = 5.