Table 1. Female wolf breeder types in the Superior National Forest, 1972–2013 based on Mech et al. [24] formula^a.

				Breeders
Age	No.	Non-breeders	Former	Current or formerb	Current	Total (%)
2	34	25	1c	4	4	9 (26)
3	28	16	0	5	7	12 (42)
4	18	9	4	3	2	9 (50)
5	11	1	4	1	5	10 (56)
6	3	1	1	0	1	2 (18)
7	7	1	2	1	3	6 (86)
8	3	0	1	0	2	3 (100)
9	4	2	0	2	0	2 (50)
10	0	0	0	0	0	0 (0)
11	1	0	1	0	0	1 (100)
12	1	0	1	0	0	1 (100)
	110	55	15	16	24	55

^a In addition, one 3-year-old, one 5-year-old, and one 10-year-old were classed as “non- or former” breeders.

^b Wolves with ambiguous classification.

^c Probably mis-aged because we have no records of yearlings breeding.