Table 8. Percentage of female wolves excluding pups and yearlings that bred in various populations.

Location	No.	% bred	Reference
Alaska	183	32–41% of 2-year olds	[5]
Alaska	-	90% of ≥ of 3-year olds	[5]
Ontario	17	59% of “adults”	[38]
Alaska	-	71% of ≥ 2-year olds	[39]
Alaska	15	67% of ≥ 2-year olds	[40]
Northwest Territories	97	57% of parous wolves	[41]
Superior National Forest, Minnesota	102	36–40% of ≥ 2-year olds	This study
Minnesota wolf range	122	57% of ≥ 2-year olds	This study