Table 2. Baseline characteristics of patients according to development of AKI.
| No AKIN = 479 | AKIN = 54 | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | |||
| Male (%) | 224 (46.8) | 28 (51.9) | 0.566 |
| Age, years | 76.1 ± 5.7 | 77.7 ± 6.2 | 0.057 |
| Weight, kg | 56.7 ± 9.9 | 54.1 ± 12.3 | 0.147 |
| Body mass index | 22.8 ± 3.7 | 21.8 ± 3.8 | 0.081 |
| Diabetes mellitus (%) | 134 (28.0) | 21 (38.9) | 0.113 |
| Hypertension (%) | 87 (18.2) | 17 (31.5) | 0.028 |
| Cardiovascular disease (%) | 16 (3.3) | 3 (5.6) | 0.427 |
| Cerebrovascular disease (%) | 16 (3.3) | 2 (3.7) | 0.702 |
| Malignancy (%) | 288 (60.1) | 31 (57.4) | 0.770 |
| Systolic pressure (mmHg) | 129.0 ± 19.5 | 129.3 ± 21.8 | 0.920 |
| Diastolic pressure (mmHg) | 71.6 ± 12.2 | 72.3 ± 12.5 | 0.709 |
| Laboratory values | |||
| Creatinine (μmol/L) | 68.8 ± 14.8 | 61.7 ± 21.2 | 0.019 |
| eGFR (ml/min/1.73m2)* | 86.7 ± 21.9 | 113.6 ± 62.5 | 0.007 |
| WBC (109/L) | 8.2 ± 4.7 | 10.0 ± 9.3 | 0.168 |
| Hemoglobin (g/L) | 118.5 ± 19.8 | 110.8 ± 17.9 | 0.007 |
| Albumin (g/L) | 36.5 ± 5.6 | 34.4 ± 6.1 | 0.011 |
| Ca (mmol/L) | 2.12 ± 0.16 | 2.09 ± 0.20 | 0.264 |
| P (mmol/L) | 1.03 ± 0.22 | 1.08 ± 0.38 | 0.327 |
| Na (mmol/L) | 137.8 ± 3.6 | 135.7 ± 6.1 | 0.015 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.19 ± 1.26 | 3.87 ± 1.26 | 0.075 |
| Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment | |||
| Polypharmacy, No (%) | 243 (50.7) | 33 (61.1) | 0.154 |
| Dependence, No (%) | |||
| ADLs (partial and full) | 154 (32.2) | 28 (51.9) | 0.006 |
| IADLs | 469 (97.9) | 51 (64.4) | 0.136 |
| MMSE-KC score | 21.6 ± 6.4 | 19.7 ± 6.7 | 0.044 |
| SGDS-K-score | 4.5 ± 3.7 | 5.6 ± 4.1 | 0.038 |
| MNA score | 22.0 ± 4.9 | 18.9 ± 5.8 | <0.001 |
| Mid-arm circumference, cm | 23.2 ± 2.9 | 22.0 ± 2.8 | 0.005 |
| Length of stay in hospital (days) | 11.7 ± 10.6 | 21.6 ± 27.3 | 0.011 |
| Operation | 272 (56.8) | 25 (46.3) | 0.151 |
| ICU admission | 58 (12.1) | 15 (27.8) | 0.003 |
Abbreviation: eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; WBC, white blood cell count; ADLs, activities of daily living; IADLS, activities of instrumental daily living; MMSE-KC, Korean version of the Mini-Mental State Examination; SGDS-K, Korean Geriatric Depression Scale; MNA, Mini Nutritional Assessment
*eGFR was estimated using the Modification of Diet in renal Disease (MDRD) study equation adjusted for Korean ethnic coefficient