Figure 2.

Relationship of urinary ORM1, ORM2 and sCD14 levels with RA activity. (a) Urinary protein (ORM1, ORM2 and sCD14) levels in relation to disease activity of RA. RA activity was assessed with the disease activity score 28_ESR (DAS28_ESR) as low activity at DAS28 ⩽3.2 (n=76), moderate activity at 3.2< DAS28 ⩽5.1 (n=114), and high activity at DAS28 >5.1 (n=74). The data are presented as the mean±s.e.m. ***P<0.001. (b) Clustering correlations of urinary protein levels with the blood inflammatory markers of RA. *P<0.05, **P<0.01 and ***P<0.001. The power of the correlation is represented by the color and size of the circles. (c) Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves analyses to assess the association of high RA activity with urinary biomarker proteins, including ORM1, ORM2 and sCD14. High activity was defined as DAS28 >5.1. The area under the curve was 0.61 for ORM1 (P=0.020), 0.66 for ORM2 (P=0.001), 0.57 for gelsolin (GSN, P=0.12), 0.59 for (P=0.071), 0.37 for albumin (P=0.009), 0.40 for hemoglobin (Hb, P=0.040), 0.71 for ESR (P<0.001) and 0.66 for CRP (P<0.001). (d) Sensitivity and specificity of urinary protein markers for assessing high RA activity (DAS28 >5.1) when their optimal cutoff values are introduced. The cutoff values were 0.34 ng ml⁻¹ for ORM1, 0.15 ng ml⁻¹ for ORM2 and 22.4 ng ml⁻¹ for sCD14.