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. 2015 Dec 8;124(6):855–860. doi: 10.1289/ehp.1509874

Table 3.

HRs in three separate analyses for maternal occupational noise exposure during pregnancy and hearing dysfunction,a dividing employed mothers by work participation during pregnancy.

Occupational noise exposure (dBA)b Absent from workc Working part timed Working full timee
n cases (crude/adjusted) Crude n = 181,170 [HR (95% CI)] Adjustedf n = 164,598 [HR (95% CI)] n cases (crude/adjusted) Crude n = 819,489 [HR (95% CI)] Adjustedf n = 760,049 [HR (95% CI)] n cases (crude/adjusted) Crude n = 362,572 [HR (95% CI)] Adjustedf n = 343,712 [HR (95% CI)]
< 75 1,223/1,116 1.00 1.00 5,749/5,243 1.00 1.00 2,363/2,222 1.00 1.00
75–84 410/368 0.89 (0.79, 1.00) 0.99 (0.88, 1.12) 1,804/1,645 1.00 (0.95, 1.06) 1.08 (1.02, 1.14) 447/450 0.97 (0.87, 1.07) 1.04 (0.93, 1.16)
≥ 85 7/7 0.60 (0.29, 1.26) 0.74 (0.35, 1.56) 40/37 1.26 (0.92, 1.71) 1.25 (0.91, 1.71) 16/14 1.91 (1.17, 3.13) 1.82 (1.08, 3.08)
aHearing dysfunction (all selected diagnoses), includes other diseases of inner ear (ICD-10 codes H83.3, H83.8), sensorineural hearing loss and sensorineural mixed with conductive hearing loss (H90.3-7), other hearing loss (H91.0, H91.2-3, H91.8), and other disorders of ear, not elsewhere classified (H93.1, H93.2). bOccupational noise exposure estimated through a job–exposure matrix based on measurements at several work sites, dividing the mother’s occupation registered at the beginning of the pregnancy (gestational week 10) into three noise categories. cEmployed mothers with an absence of > 153 days (90th percentile) during pregnancy or who reported “not working at the moment” during the registration interview at the prenatal care service in the beginning of pregnancy (gestational week 10). dMothers who reported that they worked part time at the beginning of pregnancy (gestational week 10) or had > 20 days (50th percentile) and < 153 days (90th percentile) absence from work during pregnancy. eMothers who reported that they worked full time at the beginning of pregnancy (gestational week 10) and had < 20 days (50th percentile) absence from work during pregnancy. fAnalyses adjusted for mother’s age, smoking, education, family structure, and nationality and child’s sex, birth year, and parity. Including all single births between 1986 and 2008 and excluding mothers in nonworking categories (students, housewives, refugees).