Table 1. Patient demographic and baseline characteristics.

Patient Characteristic	All Subjects (N=229)	White (N=198; 86.5%)	Black (N=31; 13.5%)	p
Age; Mean±SD	60.1±12.4 (229)	60.8±12.4 (198)	55.7±11.7 (31)	0.03
Gender				0.33
Male	55.0% (126/229)	106 (53.5%)	20 (64.5%)
Female	45.0% (103/229)	92 (46.5%)	11 (35.5%)
Married	64.8% (147/227)	133 (67.9%)	14 (45.2%)	0.03
Insured	78.6% (176/224)	167 (86.1%)	9 (30.0%)	<.001
Education; Mean±SD	13.6±3.3 (229)	13.9±3.2 (198)	11.2±3.2 (31)	<.001
Race
White	86.5% (198/229)
Black	13.5% (31/229)
Religion
Catholic	38.9% (89/229)	86 (43.4%)	3 (9.7%)	<.001
Protestant	21.8% (50/229)	44 (22.2%)	6 (19.4%)	0.82
Jewish	4.4% (10/229)	10 (5.1%)	0 (0.0%)	0.37
Muslim	0.4% (1/229)	0 (0.0%)	1 (3.2%)	0.14
No religion	7.4% (17/229)	16 (8.1%)	1 (3.2%)	0.48
Pentecostal	0.9% (2/229)	0 (0.0%)	2 (6.5%)	0.02
Baptist	9.6% (22/229)	14 (7.1%)	8 (25.8%)	0.004
Recruitment Site
Yale Cancer Center	19.3% (44/228)	38 (19.3%)	6 (19.4%)	1.000
Veterans Affairs	4.8% (11/228)	10 (5.1%)	1 (3.2%)	1.000
Simmons Center	11.0% (25/228)	25 (12.7%)	0 (0.0%)	0.03
Parkland Hospital	20.2% (46/228)	22 (11.2%)	24 (77.4%)	<.001
DFCI/MGHa	14.0% (32/228)	32 (16.2%)	0 (0.0%)	0.01
NHOHb	30.3% (69/228)	69 (35.0%)	0 (0.0%)	<.001
Cancer Type				0.214
Lung	26.2% (59/225)	48 (24.6%)	11 (36.7%)	0.183
Pancreatic	7.6% (17/225)	16 (8.2%)	1 (3.3%)	0.708
Colon	11.6% (26/225)	21 (10.8%)	5 (16.7%)	0.358
Brain	3.1% (7/225)	7 (3.6%)	0 (0.0%)	0.598
Stomach	0.9% (2/225)	1 (0.5%)	1 (3.3%)	0.249
Esophageal	4.9% (11/225)	11 (5.6%)	0 (0.0%)	0.367
Performance Status; Mean±SD (N)
Karnofsky Score	67.3±17.0 (220)	66.9±17.5	69.7±13.8	0.415
Zubrod Score	1.7±0.9 (222)	1.7±0.9	1.6±0.8	0.504
Charlson Index	8.3±3.7 (225)	8.5±3.9	7.5±2.2	0.061

^aDFCI=Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; MGH=Massachusetts General Hospital.

^bNHOH=New Hampshire Oncology Hematology.