Table 3.
Cardiopulmonary function, gas exchange, and lung diffusion at rest and during exercise
| Control (n=26) | HFpEF (n=20) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Rest | |||
| VO2 (mL/kg/min) | 3.60±0.51 | 3.29±0.82 | 0.13 |
| Q (L/min) | 4.4±1.2 | 4.9±1.2 | 0.15 |
| SV (mL/beat) | 63.9±17.6 | 74.1±20.9 | 0.09 |
| HR (beat/min) | 70±11 | 68±13 | 0.7 |
| VE (L/min) | 8.5±1.9 | 9.5±2.4 | 0.14 |
| fb (breaths/min) | 14±3 | 15±4 | 0.5 |
| VT (mL) | 615±166 | 655±218 | 0.5 |
| VE/VCO2 (ratio) | 38.6±5.0 | 40.1±6.4 | 0.4 |
| VT/TI (ratio) | 448±120 | 547±122 | 0.01 |
| DLCO (mL/mmHg/min) | 14.4±3.3 | 11.0±2.3 | <0.001 |
| DM (mL/mmHg/min) | 23.1±9.1 | 18.1±4.9 | 0.04 |
| VC (mL) | 58.9±16.2 | 45.9±15.2 | 0.01 |
| Matched Workload (20 W) | |||
| VO2 (mL/kg/min) | 9.6±1.2 | 8.9±1.41 | 0.06 |
| Q (L/min) | 8.2±2.3 | 7.2±1.4 | 0.12 |
| SV (mL/beat) | 86.2±21.7 | 77.8±19.1 | 0.09 |
| HR (beat/min) | 85±17 | 94±15 | 0.04 |
| VE (L/min) | 20.1±4.4 | 24.0±5.3 | 0.01 |
| fb (breaths/min) | 23±4 | 28±8 | 0.02 |
| VT (mL) | 883±197 | 876±188 | 0.9 |
| VE/VCO2 (ratio) | 34.3±4.2 | 36.0±5.0 | 0.2 |
| VT/TI (ratio) | 922±225 | 1133±340 | 0.02 |
| DLCO (mL/mmHg/min) | 17.4±3.6 | 14.5±4.0 | 0.01 |
| DM (mL/mmHg/min) | 26.9±6.6 | 21.5±6.1 | 0.008 |
| VC (mL) | 67.6±23.3 | 64.9±24.9 | 0.7 |
| Peak Exercise | |||
| VO2 (mL/kg/min) | 18.6±3.3 | 12.7±3.2 | <0.001 |
| Q (L/min) | 13.2±3.7 | 9.2±2.5 | 0.004 |
| SV (mL/beat) | 91.6±22.1 | 80.0±25.1 | 0.11 |
| HR (beat/min) | 144±20 | 119±22 | <0.001 |
| VE (L/min) | 56.7±14.3 | 42.9±12.4 | 0.002 |
| fb (breaths/min) | 37±6 | 36±9 | 0.9 |
| VT (mL) | 1570±433 | 1206±344 | 0.005 |
| VE/VCO2 (ratio) | 34.5±3.6 | 37.1±4.7 | 0.05 |
| VT/TI (ratio) | 2273±560 | 1864±452 | 0.01 |
| DLCO (mL/mmHg/min) | 24.7±7.1 | 17.3±4.2 | <0.001 |
| DM (mL/mmHg/min) | 39.6±12.9 | 27.2±6.3 | 0.001 |
| VC (mL) | 86.1±24.3 | 66.4±24.9 | 0.01 |
Data are Mean±SD. Final column reflects two-tailed unpaired t-test. Abbreviations: VO2, oxygen consumption; VE, minute ventilation; fb, breathing frequency; VT, tidal volume; VCO2, carbon dioxide production; DLCO, diffusing capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide; DM, alveolar-capillary membrane conductance; VC, pulmonary capillary blood volume.