Table 3.
Cognitive performance at AGES 65–74 in Robust Normals, SADP, and the Combined Sample. Group comparisons adjusted for gender and education.
| Cognitive Tests | A. Robust Normals | B. SADP | C. Combined Sample | A vs B | A vs C | B vs C |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Episodic Memory | raw score (SD) | raw score (SD) | raw score (SD) | |||
| WMS-R Logical Memory Immediate | 13.52 (3.26) | 13.34 (3.6) | 13.47 (3.34) | t(3,128) = −0.87 | t(3,225) = −0.35 | t(3,163) = −0.64 |
| WMS-R Logical Memory Delayed | 12.66 (3.79) | 12.11 (3.14) | 12.52 (3.63) | t(3,128) = −1.48 | t(3,225) = −0.59 | t(3,163) = −1.08 |
| WMS Associate Learning | 13.97 (3.63) | 14.42 (3.42) | 14.11 (3.56) | t(3,169) = 0.37 | t(3,290) = 0.15 | t(3,221) = 0.29 |
| FCSRT Total Recall | 47.94 (0.24) | 47.91 (0.37) | 47.93 (0.28) | t(3,153) = −0.74 | t(3,267) = −0.31 | t(3,196) = −0.51 |
| FCSRT Free Recall | 31.07 (4.38) | 30.29 (5.26) | 30.50 (5.03) | t(3,153) = −0.19 | t(3,267) = −0.08 | t(3,196) = −0.15 |
| BVRT Delayed | 6.80 (1.38) | 6.68 (1.41) | 6.72 (1.39) | t(3,121) = −0.02 | t(3,206) = −0.03 | t(3,161) = −0.04 |
| Executive/Visuospatial | ||||||
| Trails A (seconds) | 31.94 (9.85) | 32.32 (10.11) | 32.06 (9.9) | t(3,176) = 0.34 | t(3,303) = 0.13 | t(3,229) = 0.28 |
| Trails B (seconds) | 76.96 (27.83) | 79.19 (27.66) | 78.56 (27.72) | t(3,166) = 0.06 | t(3,288) = 0.03 | t(3,214) = 0.04 |
| WMS-R Digit Span Forward | 6.79 (1.13) | 6.71 (1.07) | 6.76 (1.11) | t(3,170) = −0.57 | t(3,292) = −0.24 | t(3,222) =−0.42 |
| WMS-R Digit Span Backward | 4.84 (1.23) | 5.12 (1.17) | 4.93 (1.22) | t(3,170) = 1.17 | t(3,292) = 0.49 | t(3,222) = 0.84 |
| WMS-R Digit Symbol Coding | 51.5 (9.46) | 49.34 (10.45) | 49.99 (9.79) | t(3,169) = −0.80 | t(3,290) = −0.37 | t(3,221) = −0.51 |
| WMS Mental Control | 7.71 (1.6) | 7.62 (1.82) | 7.68 (1.66) | t(3,170) = −0.84 | t(3,292) = −0.34 | t(3,222) = −0.63 |
| WAIS Block Design | 35.15 (7.7) | 31.89 (7.01) | 32.85 (7.35) | t(3,168) = −2.66** | t(3,289) = −1.09 | t(3,219) = −1.92a |
| Language/Semantic | ||||||
| Animal Fluency | 21.14 (5.15) | 21.82 (4.83) | 21.33 (5.06) | t(3,167) = 0.64 | t(3,289) = 0.26 | t(3,216) = 0.48 |
| Vegetable Fluency | 15.05 (4.16) | 14.97 (4.50) | 15.03 (4.23) | t(3,128) = −0.75 | t(3,225) = −0.52 | t(3,163) = −0.52 |
| Word Fluency Letters S&P total | 31.24 (9.42) | 33.98 (9.46) | 32.06 (9.48) | t(3,170) = 1.32 | t(3,292) = 0.55 | t(3,222) = 0.96 |
| Boston Naming Test | 55.88 (4.25) | 56.58 (4.17) | 56.09 (4.23) | t(3,170) = 0.92 | t(3,292) = 0.39 | t(3,222) =0.66 |
| WAIS Information | 21.58 (3.96) | 21.18 (3.95) | 21.46 (3.95) | t(3,169) = −1.39 | t(3,291) = −0.58 | t(3,220) = −1.01 |
***
p < 0.001
**
p < 0.01
*
p < 0.05,
a
p < 0.10
Abbreviations: SD = Standard Deviation, WMS-R = Wechsler Memory Scale Revised, WMS = Wechsler Memory Scale, FCSRT = Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test, BVRT = Benton Visual Retention Test, WAIS = Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale