Table 4.
Cognitive performance at AGES 75 and older in Robust Normals, SADP, and the Combined Sample. Group comparisons adjusted for gender and education.
| Cognitive Tests | A. Robust Normals | B. SADP | C. Combined Sample | A vs B | A vs C | B vs C |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Episodic Memory | raw score (SD) | raw score (SD) | raw score (SD) | |||
| WMS-R Logical Memory Immediate | 12.86 (3.48) | 9.33 (4.06) | 11.35 (4.1) | t(3,59) = −4.04*** | t(3,95) = −1.96a | t(3,86) = −2.33* |
| WMS-R Logical Memory Delayed | 11.36 (3.85) | 7.81 (4.47) | 9.84 (4.46) | t(3,59) = −3.69*** | t(3,95) = −1.82a | t(3,86) = −2.16* |
| WMS Associate Learning | 12.98 (3.89) | 11.42 (3.01) | 12.36 (3.63) | t(3,79) = −1.64 | t(3,129) = −0.79 | t(3,112) = −1.10 |
| FCSRT Total Recall | 47.86 (0.47) | 47.55 (0.69) | 47.73 (0.58) | t(3,67) = −2.19* | t(3,109) = −1.14 | t(3,96) = −1.33 |
| FCSRT Free Recall | 28.36 (6.48) | 26.24 (5.34) | 27.49 (6.09) | t(3,67) = −1.44 | t(3,109) = −0.66 | t(3,96) = −1.02 |
| BVRT Delayed | 6.15 (1.17) | 4.67 (1.63) | 5.59 (1.53) | t(3,60) = −4.40*** | t(3,100) = −2.00* | t(3,84) = −2.58* |
| Executive/Visuospatial | ||||||
| Trails A (seconds) | 35.12 (11.39) | 40.24 (14.17) | 37.19 (12.76) | t(3,80) = 2.17* | t(3,130) = 1.07 | t(3,114) = 1.39 |
| Trails B (seconds) | 93.04 (37.16) | 115.47 (36.99) | 102.12 (38.50) | t(3,80) = 2.87* | t(3,130) = 1.41 | t(3,114) = 1.79a |
| WMS-R Digit Span Forward | 6.40 (1.32) | 6.32 (1.27) | 6.37 (1.30) | t(3,80) = −0.10 | t(3,130) = −0.02 | t(3,114) = −0.11 |
| WMS-R Digit Span Backward | 4.62 (1.12) | 4.62 (1.30) | 4.62 (1.19) | t(3,80) = 0.06 | t(3,130) = 0.10 | t(3,114) = −0.06 |
| WMS-R Digit Symbol Coding | 48.00 (10.22) | 40.24 (8.42) | 44.82 (10.22) | t(3,79) = −3.36** | t(3,128) = −1.58 | t(3,113) = −2.15a |
| WMS Mental Control | 7.18 (1.83) | 7.56 (1.65) | 7.33 (1.76) | t(3,80) = 0.91 | t(3,130) = 0.50 | t(3,114) = 0.58 |
| WAIS Block Design | 30.48 (8.97) | 26.79 (7.21) | 28.99 (8.46) | t(3,80) = −2.65** | t(3,130) = −1.29 | t(3,114) = −1.69 |
| Language/Semantic | ||||||
| Animal Fluency | 18.31 (4.71) | 16.91 (3.87) | 17.73 (4.41) | t(3,79) = −0.10 | t(3,130) = −0.02 | t(3,114) = −0.11 |
| Vegetable Fluency | 14.14 (4.08) | 11.96 (4.03) | 13.21 (4.17) | t(3,59) = −2.03* | t(3,95) = −1.03 | t(3,86) = −1.27 |
| Word Fluency Letters S&P total | 29.04 (9.99) | 29.27 (9.77) | 29.13 (9.84) | t(3,79) = −0.05 | t(3,129) = −0.02 | t(3,112) = −0.02 |
| Boston Naming Test | 53.88 (5.21) | 51.59 (6.38) | 52.95 (5.79) | t(3,80) = −2.49* | t(3,130) = −1.20 | t(3,114) = −1.61 |
| WAIS Information | 20.96 (4.67) | 20.35 (4.96) | 20.71 (4.77) | t(3,80) = −1.27 | t(3,130) = −0.61 | t(3,114) = −0.85 |
***
p < 0.001
**
p < 0.01
*
p < 0.05,
a
p < 0.10