Table 1.
Etiologies of chronic pelvic pain [3].
Gynecological | Physiologic |
(i) Primary dysmenorrheal | |
(ii) Mittelschmerz | |
Pathologic | |
(i) Endometriosis | |
(ii) Adenomyosis | |
(iii) Uterine leiomyomata | |
(iv) Cervical stenosis or obstructive abnormality | |
(v) Pelvic venous congestion syndrome | |
(vi) Ovarian remnant/residual ovary syndrome | |
(vii) Pelvic adhesions | |
(viii) Postpelvic inflammatory disease | |
(ix) Endosalpingiosis | |
| |
Gastrointestinal tract | (i) Irritable bowel syndrome |
(ii) Inflammatory bowel disease | |
(iii) Chronic constipation | |
| |
Urinary tract | (i) Interrstitial cystitis |
| |
Nervous system | (i) Pudendal neuralgia |
(ii) Provoked vestibulodynia | |
| |
Muskuloskeletal | (i) Pelvic floor mayalgia |
(ii) Myofascial pain | |
| |
Psychosocial | (i) Depression |
(ii) Physical/sexual abuse | |
(iii) Drug seeking behaviour |