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. 2016 May 22;2016:8941260. doi: 10.1155/2016/8941260

Table 1.

Classification of human CD8+ T cell fates based on surface markers, transcription profiles, and observed phenotype.

CD8+ T cell fate Surface marker profile Transcription profile Phenotype
Effector [18–22] (i) KLRG1+ 
(ii) CD43+ 
(iii) CD62L− 
(iv) CD69+ 
(v) CD95+ 
(vi) CD137+ 		(i) T-bethi/Eomeshi 
(ii) Blimp-1 
(iii) Runx3 
(iv) Stat4/Stat5 
(v) Id2		 (i) Direct cytotoxicity against transformed and virus-infected cells 
(ii) Mediate cytotoxicity through Fas/FasL and granzyme/perforin
Central memory [23–28] (i) CCR7+ 
(ii) CD44+ 
(iii) CD45RO+ 
(iv) CD62L+ 
(v) CD122+ 
(vi) CD127+ 
(vii) IL15R+ 		(i) T-betlo/Eomeshi 
(ii) Bcl6 
(iii) Tcf1 
(iv) Stat3 
(v) Id3 
(vi) WNT-β-catenin		 (i) Less differentiated 
(ii) Residing in lymph nodes, spleen, bone marrow, and blood 
(iii) No immediate effector function 
(iv) Differentiating into TEFF upon antigen rechallenge 
(v) Self-renewal capacity 
(vi) IL-7/IL-15 dependence
Effector memory [23–28] (i) CCR7− 
(ii) CD44+ 
(iii) CD45RO+ 
(iv) CD62L− 
(v) CD127+ 
(vi) KLRG1+ 		(i) T-betint/Eomesint 
(ii) Blimp-1/Bcl-6		 (i) Found in both lymphoid and peripheral tissues 
(ii) Rapidly release effector molecules 
(iii) Highly cytotoxic 
(iv) Intermediate differentiation stage 
(v) Rapidly differentiate into TEFF upon antigen rechallenge
Exhausted [29–33] (i) CD45RO+ 
(ii) CD57+ 
(iii) CD95+ 
(iv) PD-1+ 
(v) CTLA-4+ 
(vi) Tim-3+ 
(vii) Lag-3+ 
(viii) BTLA+ 		(i) NFAT 
(ii) T-betlo/Eomeshi 
(iii) Blimp-1 
(iv) BATF 
(v) FoxP1		 (i) Reduced proliferation 
(ii) Decreased cytokine production 
(iii) Reduced cytotoxicity 
(iv) Reduced IFNγ and IL-2 secretion 
(v) Eventual cell death
Anergic/tolerant [34–41] (i) Lag-3+ 
(ii) PD-1+ 		(i) NFAT 
(ii) NF-kB/RelA 
(iii) Ikaros 
(iv) Egr1/Egr2		 (i) Reduced IL-2 secretion 
(ii) Reduced proliferation
Senescent/regulatory [42–44] (i) KLRG1+ 
(ii) CD28− 
(iii) CD57+ 		(i) FoxP3 (i) Cell-cycle arrest 
(ii) Immunosuppressive