Table 2.

Multivariable analysis of factors associated with prehospital frailty among patients younger than 65 years old

Variable	Adjusted OR (95 % CI)	p Value	% contribution
Sex			3.8
Male	1
Female	2.01 (0.87–4.66)	0.103
Elixhauser comorbidity score, mean ± SD	0.96 (0.91–1.02)	0.213	1.6
Rheumatoid/CTD	6.00 (2.12–17.0)	0.001	19.7
Heart failure	3.28 (0.78–13.7)	0.104	1.8
Prehospital residence			49.3
At home (independent)	1
At home (with help)/other	4.40 (1.75–11.1)	0.002
On disability	2.11 (0.83–5.35)	0.117	4.1
Managing own finances (independent)	0.24 (0.05–1.24)	0.088	3.5
Never married	0.23 (0.03–1.56)	0.133	2.8
Education			1.7
Less than high school	1
High school	0.76 (0.23–2.50)	0.653
Higher-level degree	0.53 (0.16–1.75)	0.296
Prescription medications, n, mean ± SD	1.01 (0.93–1.10)	0.748	0.1
Prior hospitalization	3.29 (1.34–8.10)	0.010	11.7

CTD connective tissue disease

The overall model is significant (likelihood ratio χ₁₂ ² = 78.73 with p < 0.0001) with good discriminatory ability (c-statistic 0.85) and goodness of fit (calibration, Brier score 0.12; Hosmer-Lemeshow χ₈ ² = 10.37 with p = 0.24). In sensitivity analyses, age, surgical status, and sepsis were also included in the multivariable model. These did not translate into significant changes across any covariates or percentage contribution to the model.