Table 1.

Characteristics of different formulations of nanoparticles

NP Formulations	Diameter by DLS (nm)/PI* (Range)	Diameter by AFM (nm)** (Range)	ζ-Potential (mV)*
Anionic NPs (without dye)	164 ± 5/0.055 (139–189 nm)	112 ± 5 (65–175 nm)	−18 ± 2
Dye-loaded anionic NPs	168 ± 3/0.035 (159–177 nm)	ND	−17 ± 2
Neutral NPs (without dye)	152 ± 4/0.020 (136–168 nm)	112 ± 4 (73–178 nm)	−2 ± 3
Dye-loaded neutral NPs	148 ± 2/0.022 (144–152 nm)	ND	−3 ± 3
Cationic NPs (without dye)	162 ± 23/0.088 (139–185 nm)	91 ± 4 (44–136 nm)	13 ± 1
Dye-loaded cationic NPs	169 ± 8/0.063 (161–177 nm)	ND	12 ± 1
PTX-loaded NPs	151 ± 6/0.028 (145–157 nm)	ND	−2 ± 3

^*Data are shown as mean ± standard deviation; n = 3.

^**Diameter by AFM was measured using section profile analysis of 40 individual NPs.

ND, Not determined; nm, nanometer.