Table 1.

HRMR VWI features of diverse intracranial vasculopathies

Diverse vasculopathies	Features on HRMR VWI
Atherosclerosis	Eccentric wall thickening and enhancement, rarely circumferential wall thickening and enhancement; high signal on T2-weighted images
Central nervous system vasculitis	Concentric wall thickening and enhancement; rarely eccentric wall thickening and enhancement; no high signal on T2-weighted images. Enhancement persisted a long time with a median of 7 months
RCVS	Concentric wall thickening with negligible to mild enhancement, and complete resolution of wall thickening on the follow-up VWI
Intracranial arterial dissection (steno-occlusive pattern)	Intimal flap, double lumen, and intramural haemotoma
Moyamoya disease	Concentric enhancement on distal internal carotid arteries and middle cerebral arteries (MCAs) regardless of symptoms or stages; MCA shrinkage
Vertebrobasilar hypoplasia	Narrowing lumen with normal or thick vessel wall

HRMR VWI: High-resolution magnetic resonance vessel wall imaging; RCVS: Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome