Fig. 11.1.

Effect of HDACI on cell survival signaling pathway in hemorrhagic shock. HDACI induce phosphorylation of AKT by inhibition of TRB3 and PTEN. While AKT stimulates transcription of cell survival genes through several other pathways, phosphorylated AKT phosphorylates GSK-3β. Phosphorylated GSK-3β becomes inactivated form, which cannot degrade β-catenin. HDACI can also directly inhibit GSK-3β. Moreover, HDACI induce acetylation and nuclear translocation of β-catenin, leading to downstream survival gene transcription. P phosphorylation, Ac acetylation