Table 8.
Crop potential exploration and improvements made in the last decade for fenugreek.
| Category | Main objectives | Techniques/instruments/design | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| Molecular and genetics | Analysis of genetic divergence in fenugreek (22 genotypes) | Cluster analysis | Banerjee and Kole (2004) |
| Genetic variability and character association in fenugreek (94 genotypes) | Path coefficient analysis | Prajapati et al. (2010) | |
| Extent of variability among the 10 accessions | Molecular and Biochemical Characterization by RAPD and ISSR | Harish et al. (2011) | |
| Correlation studies on yield and yield components of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) lines evaluated in South-Eastern Ethiopia (23 genotypes) | Correlation analysis | Fufa (2013) | |
| Estimation of genetic variability and association among seed yield and its contributing traits. Determination of direct and indirect effects of the yield contributing traits on seed yield. (50 genotypes) | Path coefficient analysis | Jain et al. (2013) | |
| Karyotype | Chromosome type and identification | Stained with aceto-iron-hematoxylin Olympus BH-2 microscopes |
Najafi et al. (2013) |
| Mutagens | Genetic improvement of fenugreek through EMS induced mutation breeding for higher seed yield | Seed qualitative and quantitative measures | Basu (2006) |
| Effect of magnets (UV and ethidium bromide) on morphology of fenugreek | Morphological screening | Gadge et al. (2012) | |
| Mutagenic (gamma rays, EMS) and sodium azide) effectiveness and efficiency in Fenugreek | Chlorophyll mutations | Bashir et al. (2013) | |
| Salinity | Effect of sodicity on growth, yield and cation composition of fenugreek | Germination characteristics and Yield attributes K, Ca, Mg, Na estimation |
Garg (2012) |
| Effect of seed priming on morphological and physiological parameters of fenugreek seedlings under salt stress | Physiological and morphological parameters | Farahmandfar et al. (2013) | |
| Drought tolerance | Assessment of drought tolerance in Iranian fenugreek landraces (20) | Screening based on quantitative stress tolerance parameters | Ahari et al., 2009 |
| Genetic variability of some agronomic traits in the Iranian Fenugreek landraces under drought stress and non-stress conditions (20 landraces) | Cluster analysis | Ahari et al. (2010) | |
| Metallic toxicity | Effect of metals (Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, Cr, Pb) translocation on antioxidant contents | Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) | Sinha et al. (2007) |
| Morphological and biochemical behavior under copper stress (CuSO4) | Germination characteristics, chlorophyll, enzymes and secondary metabolites assay, copper by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer | Elleuch et al. (2013) | |
| Agronomic management | Effect of phosphorus levels on growth and yield of Trigonella foenum graecum L. grown under different spatial arrangements | Quantitative data recordation on growth and yield | Khan et al. (2005) |
| Effect of sowing dates and nutrient management on growth and seed yield fenugreek | Split plot design | Nandre et al. (2011) | |
| Evaluation of fenugreek and lentil intercropping proportion and performance | Yield, land equivalent ration and economic analysis | Shirzadi et al. (2011) | |
| Ecotypes of some Iranian fenugreek based on seed and agronomic traits | Quantitative analysis | Soori and Mohammadi-Nejad (2012) | |
| Effect of Phosphorus and Sulfur levels on growth and yield of fenugreek. | Quantitative measurements | Jat et al. (2012) | |
| Fodder | Introduction of fenugreek to Sylvopastoral System of Mexico | Fodder bank intercropping | Solorio-Sánchez et al. (2014) |
| Growth regulators | Effect of plant growth promoting rhizobia on seed germination, growth promotion and suppression of Fusarium wilt of fenugreek | DNA sequencer Scanning electron microscope Bacterial assay |
Kumar et al. (2011) |
| Response of fenugreek to exogenous application of plant growth regulators (PGRs) | Mucilage and trigonelline extraction and quantification. HPLC and chromatography |
Danesh-Talab et al. (2014) | |
| Symbiotic association | Possibilities and potential of Rhizobial inoculants in organic production of fenugreek in arid and semiarid | Strategic review | Ali et al. (2012) |
| Antifungal potential | Assessment of in vitro antifungal activity of diploid and mixoploid Trigonella foenum graecum L. aqueous extracts, harvested at three developmental stages against Fusarium oxysporumf and Fusarium oxysporumf | Phytochemical screening Antifungal assay |
Omezzine et al. (2014) |
| Nutraceutical | Improvement in the nutraceutical properties of fenugreek (148 accessions) | Screening EMS mutation breeding |
Acharya et al. (2006) |