Table 3.
Least square mean differences in follow-up intentions to tan and intentions to quit tanning by self-affirmation and message framing
| Behavioral Outcomes | Mediating Variables | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Intentions to Tan |
Intentions to Quit Tanning |
Fear Response | Perceived Message Strength |
Message Derogation | ||||||
| M | SE | M | SE | M | SE | M | SE | M | SE | |
| Self-Affirmation (A) | 4.1B | .08 | 4.4 | .10 | 2.0 | .05 | 4.8 | .08 | 3.9B | .08 |
| Control (B) | 3.8A | .08 | 4.5 | .10 | 1.9 | .05 | 5.0 | .07 | 3.7A | .08 |
| Loss-Framed (C) | 3.8D | .08 | 4.7D | .10 | 2.2D | .05 | 5.1D | .08 | 3.9 | .08 |
| Gain-Framed (D) | 4.1C | .08 | 4.2C | .10 | 1.8C | .05 | 4.7C | .07 | 3.7 | .08 |
M = mean, SE = standard error. Intentions to tan and intentions to quit were measured using a 7-point scale with higher values indicating stronger intentions. Emotional response was measured using a 4-point scale with higher values indicating stronger emotional reaction. Message strength and Message derogation were measured using a 7-point scale with higher values indicating stronger perceived message strength/derogation. Different superscript letters adjacent to means within a column indicate statistically significant differences between conditions at p <.05. Analysis of covariance adjusted for baseline measures of relevant behavioral intentions, frequent indoor tanning, attitudes towards indoor tanning, and perceived risks.