P. aeruginosa ΔgcsR PAO1 is lethal to C. elegans in a paralytic-killing model. (A) Course of C. elegans survival in a paralytic-killing assay with E. coli OP50 (closed circles; n = 195), P. aeruginosa lecA::luxΔlasR PAO1 (closed squares; n = 197), P. aeruginosa PAO1 (closed triangles; n = 273), and P. aeruginosa ΔgcsR PAO1 (open triangles; n = 351). C. elegans survival was significantly reduced when it was exposed to P. aeruginosa ΔgcsR PAO1. The log rank test was performed to identify significant differences (P < 0.0001; marked with asterisks). (B, C) Appearance of C. elegans after a 2-h exposure to P. aeruginosa PAO1. Scale bars are 100 µm. (D, E) Appearance of C. elegans after a 2-h exposure to P. aeruginosa ΔgcsR PAO1. Scale bars are 100 µm.