Fig. 3.

Displacement of the bladder neck during a maximal effort Valsalva maneuver. The change in perpendicular distance between the bladder neck and a line drawn between the inferior aspect of the pubic symphysis and the anorectal angle is presented for both groups before (Pre-Rx) and after (Post-Rx) the 12-week study period. Measures were taken in both the supine and standing positions. Bars indicate means and whiskers indicate the 95% confidence interval for the mean. In both groups and positions, there was more bladder neck displacement during the Valsalva noted at Post-Rx as compared to Pre-Rx, as indicated by “*.”