Fig. 4.

Neuroprotective effects of α-M on α-synuclein-stimulated DA neurodegeneration in rat primary mesencephalic neuron-glia cultures. a Conditioned medium from microglia stimulated with 200 nM α-synuclein caused microglial neurotoxicity measured by [3H]DA uptake. b The mesencephalic neuron-glia cultures seeded in 24-well culture plates were treated with 200 nM α-synuclein and indicated doses of 100 nM α-M. c For visualization of individual dendrites, dendrites of the sparsely plated neurons were demonstrated by immunostaining for a dendritic marker MAP2 (green). ***p < 0.001 versus control, ^# p < 0.05 versus α-synuclein, ^## p < 0.01 versus α-synuclein and ^### p < 0.001 versus α-synuclein. Scale bar = 100 μm (Color figure online)