FIG 2.

Intracellular cytokine staining assay for vaccine-induced T-cell responses after MVA or placebo vaccinations. The percentages of CD4⁺ T cells (upper panel) and CD8⁺ T cells (lower panel) expressing IL-2 or IFN-γ in response to global PTE peptide pools representing the HIV antigens specifically indicated on the x axis or showing a response to any one of these antigens (ANY) are shown. HIV-1-specific CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T-cell responses were measured using a validated ICS assay. Results are from 2 weeks after the first MVA vaccination (M1) and 2 weeks after the second MVA vaccination (M2). Results from the placebo control group are combined from time points 2 weeks after the fourth and fifth placebo injections (far left). Responder data are shown as red dots, and nonresponder data are shown as blue triangles. Box plots show the distribution of the magnitude of response in positive responders only. The box indicates the median and interquartile range (IQR); whiskers extend to the furthest point within 1.5 times the IQR from the upper or lower quartile. Numbers at the top of each panel show the percentage and number of responders from each group among the evaluable participants.