Fig. 3.

UA upregulates the expression of Nrf2 and its downstream target genes. Cells were treated with each concentration of UA for 3 days, and the total cells were divided for RNA and protein extraction. (A) Total 0.5 μg of RNA was reverse transcribed for cDNA synthesis. The cDNAs were then used to perform qPCR by adding SYBR Green and a pair of gene-specific primers. (B) Western blots and quantification of protein levels. The data shown were normalized to β-actin and expressed as the relative fold change compared with the control. The values are the mean ± SD of three independent experiments. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.001, ***p < 0.0001 compared with vehicle control (0.1% DMSO).