Table 3.

Multivariable logistic regression model for risk factors associated with diagnosed DMVD in dogs.

Variable	OR	95% CI	P‐value
Breeda
Cavalier King Charles Spaniel	47.37	31.56–71.09	<.001
King Charles Spaniel	36.49	18.90–70.47
Chihuahua	6.16	2.85–13.30
Whippet	4.73	1.88–11.87
Poodle	2.92	1.38–6.17
Shih Tzu	2.89	1.47–5.67
Miniature Schnauzer	2.27	0.86–5.95
Yorkshire Terrier	2.15	1.28–3.61
Border Collie	2.02	1.12–3.63
Dachshund	1.53	0.63–3.72
Lhasa Apso	1.19	0.41–3.41
Jack Russell Terrier	1.15	0.67–1.97
Purebred other	1.09	0.71–1.67
Cocker Spaniel	1.05	0.55–1.99
Crossbred	Baseline	–
Greyhound	0.98	0.23–4.16
Border Terrier	0.90	0.27–2.95
Lurcher	0.89	0.21–3.74
Boxer	0.88	0.21–3.73
Bichon Frisé	0.73	0.22–2.40
West Highland White Terrier	0.65	0.32–1.33
Golden Retriever	0.55	0.19–1.59
Staffordshire Bull Terrier	0.42	0.16–1.06
Labrador Retriever	0.40	0.18–0.87
English Springer Spaniel	0.17	0.02–1.22
German Shepherd	0.15	0.02–1.11
Sex
Female	Baseline	–	.0024
Male	1.40	1.12–1.74
Insurance status
Not insured	Baseline	–	<.001
Insured	3.56	2.79–4.55
Not recorded	0.53	0.32–0.88
Age at last consultation (years)
1.0 to <4.0	Baseline		<.001
4.0 to <7.0	7.03	3.60–13.72
7.0 to <10.0	38.24	20.29–72.08
10.0 to <13.0	101.61	53.79–191.94
≥13.0	150.76	78.11–290.96
Maximum bodyweight (kg)
<20.00	Baseline	–	.001
≥20.00	0.51	0.36–0.74
Not recorded	0.20	0.13–0.31
Veterinary clinic (included as a random effect)
Rho	0.17	0.11–0.25	<.001

OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence intervals; DMVD, degenerative mitral valve disease.

^aBreeds with statistically significant associations with DMVD diagnosis (P < .05) are shown in bold.