Table 1.
Body weight, age at colostrum ingestion, indices of absorption of colostral IgG, and abomasal emptying rate indices (mean ± SD or geometric mean and 95% CI in parentheses) of 24 Holstein‐Friesian calves receiving 3 L of pooled colostrum containing acetaminophen (50 mg/kg) by suckling and oroesophageal intubation. Treatments were: 2 mL of 0.9% NaCl solution PO (control treatment; n = 6); 2 mL of water containing erythromycin lactobionate (20 mg/kg BW, PO; n = 6); 2 mL of water containing cisapride (0.5 mg/kg BW, PO; n = 6); and 2 mL of water containing bethanechol chloride (0.5 mg/kg BW, PO; n = 6). P‐values in bold are significant (<.05)
| Factor | Control | Erythromycin | Cisapride | Bethanechol | P‐value: F Test Treatment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Body weight (kg) | 45.2 ± 3.6 | 46.0 ± 4.1 | 46.0 ± 4.6 | 46.2 ± 3.1 | .53 |
| Age at colostrum administration (hours) | 3.1 (1.3, 7.3) | 2.2 (0.6, 8.2) | 3.4 (1.6, 7.2) | 2.2 (0.6, 8.4) | .40 |
| Total protein and IgG absorption | |||||
| Mean total protein concentration for first 8 hours after colostrum administration (g/dL) | 4.3 ± 0.8 | 5.5 ± 1.1h | 5.0 ± 1.2h | 4.8 ± 0.9h | .0001 |
| IgG AUC24 (g/L) × hoursa | 306 ± 25 | 304 ± 29 | 368 ± 35h | 301 ± 24 | .0014 |
| Apparent efficiency of absorption of colostral IgG (%) | 31.3 ± 6.9 | 31.0 ± 5.1 | 33.0 ± 7.2 | 30.0 ± 4.0 | .77 |
| Acetaminophen absorption | |||||
| Actual C max (μg/mL)b | 17.7 ± 6.6 | 28.9 ± 10.9 | 36.1 ± 11.9h | 27.2 ± 10.2 | .039 |
| Actual T max (minutes)b | 178 ± 89 | 265 ± 55 | 360 ± 85h | 220 ± 80 | .0044 |
| Model C max (μg/mL)c | 16.7 ± 6.1 | 26.3 ± 9.7 | 31.8 ± 11.5 | 25.2 ± 8.0 | .11 |
| Model T max (minutes)c | 243 ± 78 | 245 ± 44 | 332 ± 54 | 254 ± 83 | .13 |
| AUC480 (mg/mL) × minutesd | 5.9 ± 2.1 | 10.0 ± 3.1 | 12.5 ± 3.9h | 9.2 ± 2.8 | .011 |
| k (min−1)e | 0.0030 (0.0011, 0.0079) | 0.0029 (0.0017, 0.0052) | 0.0019 (0.0011, 0.0034) | 0.0026 (0.0012, 0.0055) | .24 |
| βf | 2.24 (0.85, 5.93) | 2.09 (1.30, 3.38) | 1.91 (1.42, 2.57) | 1.98 (1.17, 3.34) | .86 |
| m (mg/mL) × minutesg | 10.5 (3.6, 30.7) | 16.9 (7.7, 37.2) | 30.2 (11.2, 81.1)h | 18.0 (13.3, 24.3) | .011 |
| Glucose absorption | |||||
| Actual C max (mg/dL)b | 107 ± 16 | 135 ± 54 | 125 ± 43 | 125 ± 33 | .76 |
| Actual T max (minutes)b | 95 (19, 474) | 79 (12, 519) | 51 (10, 260) | 131 (37, 473) | .28 |
| AUC480 (g × min/dL)d | 39.8 (27.1, 59.0) | 34.0 (21.2, 54.7) | 39.5 (22.0, 71.1) | 39.4 (26.8, 57.1) | .64 |
AUC24 is the area under the plasma IgG concentration‐time curve for the first 24 hours after colostrum administration. Abomasal emptying rate was assessed by acetaminophen absorption and glucose absorption.
Actual C max is the maximal plasma acetaminophen or glucose concentration, and Actual T max is the time at which Actual C max occurred.
Model C max and T max for acetaminophen were obtained by fitting a nonlinear equation to the first derivative of Siegel's modified power exponential formula for acetaminophen (see Materials and Methods for details).
AUC8 is the area under the acetaminophen concentration‐time curve, or the glucose concentration‐time curve, for the first 8 hours after colostrum administration.
k = an estimate of the rate constant for abomasal emptying.
β = constant that provides an estimate of the duration of the lag phase before an exponential rate of emptying is reached.
m = area under the acetaminophen concentration‐time curve when time is infinite. For glucose absorption, area under the curve is the area under the plasma glucose concentration‐time relationship for the 8 hours period after the start of colostrum ingestion.
Mean values within a row are significantly different from the control value using Dunnett's test.