. 2016 Mar 8;15(Suppl 1):35. doi: 10.1186/s12940-016-0101-8

Table 2.

Outdoor and indoor exposure levels (PM_2.5, radon and VOC) and prevalence of exposure (dampness in homes and second hand smoke of non-smoking population) in European countries used for burden of disease calculations

	^a)Out. PM_2.5	^b)Ind. PM_2.5	^c)Out. VOC	^d)Ind. VOC	^e)Ind. Radon	^f)Dampness homes	^g)SHS non-smokers
	μg m⁻³	μg m⁻³	μg m⁻³	μg m⁻³	Bq m⁻³	%	%
Austria	17	5	103	298	97	8	14
Belgium	19	5	103	298	69	14	18
Bulgaria	22	5	103	298	30	n/a	23
Cyprus	23	4	103	298	7	30	31
Czech Republic	23	5	116	334 ⁽⁸	140	16	16
Denmark	13	3	103	298	53	11	17
Estonia	11	3	103	298	120	23	16
Finland	9	3	64	226 ⁽⁸	120	5	2
France	12	5	77	223 ⁽⁹	89	14	9
Germany	16	5	103	297 ⁽¹⁰	50	13	13
Greece	21	4	155	345 ⁽⁹	55	19	28
Hungary	25	5	103	298	107	19	12
Ireland	8	3	103	298	89	15	14
Italy	20	4	181	489 ⁽⁸	70	21	11
Latvia	12	3	103	298	n/a	26	12
Lithuania	14	3	103	298	55	25	28
Luxembourg	12	5	52	148 ⁽⁹	115	15	8
Netherlands	19	5	46	134 ⁽⁹	30	18	15
Poland	22	5	103	298	49	37	21
Portugal	18	4	38	213 ⁽⁹	86	20	13
Romania	23	5	103	298	45	29	23
Slovakia	23	5	103	298	87	6	13
Slovenia	17	5	103	298	87	17	14
Spain	16	4	103	298	90	18	20
Sweden	10	3	77	223 ⁽¹¹	108	6	3
UK	13	3	85	245 ⁽⁸	20	15	7
EU-26	17	4	104	298	64	18	14

^a)De Leeuw and Horalek, 2009 [28], ^b)Hänninen, et al. 2004 [11] (in case of missing data, European average value used), ^c)Outdoor VOC concentrations were calculated based on indoor concentrations by using data on fraction estimations from literature (Finland 0,22, Greece 0.31, Italy 0.27, Portugal 0.15, other countries 0.26 (population weighted EU-26 mean value based on the four previous values), ^d)Data on indoor VOC concentrations collected from several source (indicated separately, in case of missing data, European average value used, indicated with italics), ^e)EU Radonmapping [29] (in case of missing data, European average value used), ^f)WHO/ENHIS Fact Sheet 3.5 [30], ^g)Survey on Tobacco, Eurobarometer 253, 2009 [23], ^h)EXPOLIS study Jantunen MJ. et al. 1998 [31], ⁱ⁾IAIAQ model, Jantunen et al. 2012 [22], ^j)GerEs study: http://www.umweltbundesamt.de/en/topics/health/assessing-environmentally-related-health-risks/german-environmental-survey-geres, ^k)Norback, D. et al. 1995 [32].