Table 1. Performance summary of OLEDs studied in this work.
| OLED device structure* | EQE (%) |
Power efficiency (lm W−1) |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Max. | @ 5,000 cd m−2 | Max. | @ 5,000 cd m−2 | |
| Glass/TiO2/graphene/GraHIL/OS1/LiF/Al | 40.8 (64.7†) | 37.2 (59.8) | 160.3 (250.4) | 110.2 (178.7) |
| Glass/graphene/GraHIL/OS1/LiF/Al | 31.7 | 26.2 | 112.6 | 63.8 |
| Glass/ITO/GraHIL/OS1/LiF/Al | 27.4 | 23.5 | 104.3 | 70.4 |
| Glass/TiO2/graphene/GraHIL/OS1′/BCP:Li/MoO3/OS1′/LiF/Al‡ | 62.1 (103.2) | 57.5 (98.8) | 120.8 (183.5) | 74.6 (115.8) |
| PET/TiO2/graphene/PEDOT/OS2/LiF/Al | 33.8 | 31.1 | 155.8 | 88.0 |
| PET/graphene/PEDOT/OS2/LiF/Al | 22.4 | 18.9 | 95.1 | 45.5 |
| Glass/TiO2/graphene/PEDOT/OS2/LiF/Al | 36.2 | 33.6 | 168.9 | 98.6 |
*The detailed multilayer stacks for OS1 and OS2 are presented in Methods.
†Shown in () are the values obtained with a half-ball lens attached to the back of the substrate.
‡The detailed stack structure for organic layer (OS1′) in multi-junction devices are presented in Supplementary Fig. 7.