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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Jun 7.
Published in final edited form as: Leuk Lymphoma. 2010 Sep;51(9):1734–1747. doi: 10.3109/10428194.2010.501535

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Western Blot analysis of MAPK proteins showed enhanced activation in the combination treatment of All Trans Retinoic Acid (ATRA) and Arsenic Trioxide (ATO) (ATRA-ATO) compared to ATRA treatment. Panels A, B and C show the effect of the different treatments on expression and activation levels of RAF1, MEK1/2 and ERK1/2 respectively. The left columns show the effect on expression levels at 24 h and 48h, whereas the right columns show the effect on activation of MAPK proteins. The lanes show control (untreated) cells, cells treated with ATRA, ATRA plus ATO, and ATO only. ATO leads to an increase in ATRA induced sustained activation of MAPK proteins. This increase was seen in p-ERK at 24h and 48h (see part (c)). Increased activation was also seen for MEK as well as RAF1 at both 24h and 48h. There was thus an increase in activation of p-ERK and c-RAF(Ser621) for the ATO alone treatment case, when compared to untreated (control) case. We did not see any increase in the total expression of MAPK proteins for any of the treatment cases (see left column) at 24h or 48h. This suggests that ATO (in combination or alone) only affects activation (via phosphorylation) of MAPK proteins, without affecting their total expression levels.