Figure 2. Humoral and cellular immune responses generated by different formulations of protein- and DNA-based AD epitope vaccines, AV-1982R and AV-1959D, respectively. (A) Concentrations of anti-Aβ antibodies were detected after 3rd immunizations in sera from individual mice. (B) Cellular responses are specific to Thep protein, but not Aβ₄₀ peptide. Splenocytes were re-stimulated with 10 µg/mL Thep protein or Aβ₄₀ peptide. Bars indicate average ± SD. Statistical differences in all groups were calculated relative to Liposomes/AV-1982R/AV-1959D immunized group using two-tailed t test (n = 6 per group, **P ≤ 0.01, ***P ≤ 0.001, ****P ≤ 0.0001).