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. 2016 May 16;113(22):6160–6165. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1522445113

Table S10.

The link between time discounting and crime: Subgroup analyses (continued)

Timing of reward Below average intelligence At least average intelligence
Any crime Violent crime Property crime Any crime Violent crime Property crime
Certainly immediate Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref.
Probably immediate −0.115** −0.036 −0.104** −0.102** −0.032 −0.049
(0.050) (0.033) (0.042) (0.045) (0.022) (0.035)
Indifferent −0.067 −0.056* −0.102*** −0.077* −0.013 −0.010
(0.047) (0.030) (0.040) (0.043) (0.022) (0.035)
Probably delay −0.101*** −0.053** −0.087*** −0.091*** −0.015 −0.044
(0.038) (0.025) (0.033) (0.034) (0.018) (0.027)
Certainly delay −0.094*** −0.029 −0.084*** −0.098*** −0.013 −0.049*
(0.036) (0.025) (0.032) (0.033) (0.018) (0.027)
Sample mean 0.350 0.093 0.185 0.250 0.048 0.118
Obs 2,763 2,763 2,763 4,008 4,008 4,008

Notes: See Table 1. ***Significant at the 1% level; **significant at the 5% level; *significant at the 10% level. Ref., reference group.