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. 2016 May 16;113(22):6160–6165. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1522445113

Table S11.

The link between time discounting and crime: Subgroup analyses (continued)

Timing of reward Father previously convicted Father, no previous convictions
Any crime Violent crime Property crime Any crime Violent crime Property crime
Certainly immediate Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref.
Probably immediate −0.316*** −0.157** −0.151** −0.072** −0.013 −0.065**
(0.087) (0.062) (0.070) (0.036) (0.020) (0.030)
Indifferent 0.026 −0.091 0.065 −0.080** −0.020 −0.071**
(0.093) (0.066) (0.084) (0.034) (0.019) (0.028)
Probably delay −0.094 −0.118** −0.017 −0.094*** −0.018 −0.072***
(0.071) (0.053) (0.061) (0.027) (0.015) (0.023)
Certainly delay −0.069 −0.033 −0.009 −0.096*** −0.016 −0.075***
(0.068) (0.053) (0.058) (0.026) (0.015) (0.022)
Sample mean 0.421 0.137 0.250 0.274 0.057 0.132
Obs 774 774 774 5,997 5,997 5,997

Notes: See Table 1. ***Significant at the 1% level; **significant at the 5% level; *significant at the 10% level. Ref., reference group.