Table 3.
Neuropsychological measures in MS patients and healthy controls (HC) at each assessment point (for TIB-errors, lower scores mean better performance; for all of the other tests, higher scores mean better performance).
| Variable | T0 MS HC | Delta T1-T0a MS HC | Delta T2-T0a MS HC | Delta T2-T1a MS HC | p-value interaction time × group∧ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TIB–IQ | 111.78 (6.50) | – | – | ||
| 112.37 (6.53) | |||||
| TIB–errors | 4.53 (5.29) | – | – | ||
| 4.14 (5.01) | |||||
| SRT–LTS | 38.35 (14.72)* | 3.99 (0.77) | 4.65 (0.80) | 0.66 (0.81) | 0.96 |
| [range 0–72] | 44.34 (13.12) | 4.19 (0.74) | 4.51 (0.81) | 0.31 (0.82) | |
| SRT–CLTR | 28.12 (14.49)* | 4.40 (0.85) | 5.06 (0.89) | 0.66 (0.93) | 0.6 |
| [range 0–72] | 34.72 (14.63) | 3.80 (0.87) | 5.77 (0.88) | 1.97 (0.92) | |
| SPART | 18.48 (5.50)* | 2.21 (0.30) | 1.61 (0.32) | −0.60 (0.33) | 0.73 |
| [range 0–30] | 19.96 (4.61) | 1.90 (0.31) | 1.32 (0.32) | −0.58 (0.32) | |
| SDMT | 46.96 (13.10)* | 2.21 (0.47) | 0.21 (0.48) | −2.00 (0.45) | 0.049 |
| [range 0–110] | 52.17 (10.42) | 1.85 (0.48) | 1.33 (0.47) | −0.52 (0.45) | |
| PASAT–3 | 39.70 (12.62)* | 3.31 (0.53) | 2.58 (0.59) | −0.73 (0.57) | 0.05 |
| [range 0–60] | 41.86 (10.82) | 3.03 (0.54) | 4.13 (0.56) | 1.10 (0.55) | |
| PASAT–2 | 27.37 (10.42)* | 2.42 (0.52) | 2.81 (0.61) | 0.39 (0.58) | 0.011 |
| [range 0–60] | 30.94 (10.54) | 2.26 (0.52) | 4.90 (0.57) | 2.64 (0.55) | |
| SRT–D | 7.44 (2.54)* | 0.49 (0.11) | 0.48 (0.12) | −0.01 (0.12) | 0.43 |
| [range 0–12] | 8.29 (2.22) | 0.49 (0.11) | 0.68 (0.12) | 0.19 (0.12) | |
| SPART–D | 6.51 (2.30)* | 0.60 (0.13) | 0.46 (0.14) | −0.14 (0.14) | 0.3 |
| [range 0–10] | 6.90 (2.02) | 0.86 (0.13) | 0.49 (0.14) | −0.37 (0.14) | |
| WLG | 22.29 (5.70)* | 2.66 (0.38) | 0.53 (0.34) | −2.13 (0.41) | <0.001 |
| 23.28 (5.50) | 4.08 (0.39) | 2.37 (0.33) | −1.71 (0.41) |
a, results reported as delta coefficient (standard error); ∧obtained from linear mixed model; PASAT, Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test; SDMT, Symbol Digit Modalities Test; SPART, Spatial Recall Test; SPART–D, Spatial Recall Test-Delayed; SRT–CLTR, Selective Reminding Test-Consistent Long Term Retrieval; SRT–D, Selective Reminding Test-Delayed; SRT–LTS, Selective Reminding test-Long Term Storage; TIB–errors, Brief Intelligence Test-Errors; TIB–IQ, Brief Intelligence Test–Intelligence Quotient; WAIS–Voc, WAIS Vocabulary; WLG, Word List Generation.