Table 1.
Predictors of perinatal mortality among women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP), Ethiopia, 2008–2013.
| Variables* | Total | Perinatal deaths (%) | Crude OR (95% CI) |
Adjusted OR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maternal age (years) | ||||
| 15–19 | 57 | 31.6 | 1.0 (0.59–1.85) | |
| 20–34 | 876 | 31.3 | 1 | |
| 35–49 | 82 | 36.6 | 1.2 (0.79–1.98) | |
| Parity | ||||
| Primigravida | 536 | 27.4 | 1 | 1 |
| Multipara (I–IV) | 400 | 34.5 | 1.4 (1.04–1.80)¥ | 1.6 (1.12–2.228)‡ |
| Grand multipara (V+) | 79 | 46.8 | 2.3 (1.44–3.68)‡ | 2.8 (1.55–4.92)‡ |
| Gestational age (weeks) | ||||
| Very preterm (<34) | 240 | 63.8 | 8.1 (5.82–11.22)† | 7.7 (5.26–11.20)† |
| Preterm (34–36) | 193 | 24.9 | 1.5 (1.04–2.23)¥ | 1.5 (1.02–2.35)¥ |
| Term + (≥37) | 677 | 17.9 | 1 | 1 |
| Number of fetuses | ||||
| Singleton | 920 | 30.0 | 1 | |
| Twin | 190 | 24.2 | 0.7 (0.52–1.07) | |
| Antenatal care | ||||
| Yes | 633 | 22.7 | 1 | 1 |
| No | 382 | 40.0 | 2.3 (1.75–2.97)† | 2.0 (1.43–2.67)† |
| Type of HDP | ||||
| Preeclampsia | 612 | 26.0 | 1 | 1 |
| Eclampsia | 346 | 41.3 | 2.0 (1.52–2.63)† | 4.1 (2.85–6.04)† |
| Other HDP | 57 | 35.1 | 1.6 (0.92–2.86) | 1.3 (0.65–2.49) |
| Onset of HDP | ||||
| Antepartum or before | 721 | 36.2 | 2.6 (1.57–4.38)† | 6.6 (3.40–12.75)† |
| Intrapartum | 183 | 22.9 | 1.4 (0.77–2.55) | 4.0 (1.99–8.04)† |
| Postpartum | 111 | 17.1 | 1 | 1 |
| HDP severity symptoms | ||||
| Yes (one or more) | 847 | 32.8 | 1.3 (0.92–1.92) | |
| None | 168 | 26.2 | 1 | |
| Highest systolic BP | ||||
| <140 mmHg | 60 | 36.7 | 1.5 (0.86–2.70) | 1.0 (0.44–2.24) |
| 140–159 | 270 | 25.9 | 1 | 1 |
| 160+ | 685 | 33.6 | 1.5 (1.07–1.99)¥ | 1.0 (0.67–1.55) |
| Highest diastolic BP | ||||
| <90 mmHg | 39 | 43.6 | 2.1 (1.11–4.00)¥ | 2.3 (0.88–5.79) |
| 90–109 | 425 | 24.5 | 1 | 1 |
| 110+ | 551 | 36.5 | 1.7 (1.33–2.31)† | 1.4 (0.96–2.03) |
¥ P < 0.05; ‡ P ≤ 0.001; † P < 0.0001. BP: blood pressure. *All variables describe the mother's condition except gestational age and fetuses number. **Adjusted for parity, gestational age, antenatal care, type of HDP, onset of HDP, highest systolic BP, and highest diastolic BP.