Table 2.
UNADJUSTED AND ADJUSTED RISK OF HEALTH OUTCOMES FOR ADULTS WHO, AS A CHILD, LIVED WITH SOMEONE WHO WAS INCARCERATED COMPARED TO ADULTS WHO DID NOT, 2009–2010 BEHAVIORAL RISK FACTOR SURVEILLANCE SURVEY (BRFSS)
| Poor overall HRQOLa |
Poor physical health |
Poor mental health |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RR | ARR (95% CI)b | RR | ARR (95% CI)b | RR | ARR (95% CI)b | |
| No exposure to household incarceration during childhood | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) |
| Exposure to household incarceration during childhood | 1.70 (1.54, 1.88) | 1.18 (1.07, 1.31) | 1.42 (1.23, 1.64) | 1.15 (0.99, 1.33) | 2.38 (2.08, 2.72) | 1.22 (1.06, 1.41) |
| No high school degree | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | |||
| High school or GED | 0.71 (0.66, 0.77) | 0.63 (0.57, 0.70) | 0.66 (0.57, 0.77) | |||
| Some college/college degree | 0.50 (0.46, 0.54) | 0.42 (0.38, 0.46) | 0.46 (0.40, 0.53) | |||
| Age 18–30 years | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | |||
| Age 31–44 years | 1.05 (0.93, 1.19) | 1.57 (1.26, 1.96) | 1.03 (0.88, 1.21) | |||
| Age 45–64 years | 1.39 (1.25, 1.55) | 2.96 (2.43, 3.61) | 1.16 (1.02, 1.34) | |||
| Age 65+ years | 1.57 (1.41, 1.75) | 3.65 (3.00, 4.44) | 0.73 (0.63, 0.85) | |||
| 0 other ACEs | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | |||
| 1 other ACE | 1.22 (1.12, 1.32) | 1.14 (1.03, 1.26) | 1.53 (1.33, 1.76) | |||
| 2 other ACEs | 1.56 (1.43, 1.70) | 1.52 (1.37, 1.70) | 2.29 (1.99, 2.64) | |||
| 3–7 other ACEs | 2.18 (2.04, 2.34) | 2.09 (1.90, 2.29) | 3.46 (3.08, 3.90) | |||
a
Defined as ≥14 poor physical or mental health days of the past 30 days.
b
Adjusted for age, education, and number of additional adverse childhood experiences.
RR=Risk Ratio
ARR=Adjusted Risk Ratio
CI=Confidence Interval
ACE=Adverse Childhood Experiences