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. 2016 Jun 8;6:27558. doi: 10.1038/srep27558

Figure 8. Schematic representation of glucose induced regulation of DKK4 and effect over HCC proliferation.

Figure 8

(A) Normoglycemic glucose promotes sustained expression of DKK4 protein. DKK4 antagonizes activation of canonical Wnt signaling by facilitating degradation of β–catenin in cytosol and thus reducing its transcriptional activation thereby causing decrease c-Myc level. Increased DKK4 expression affects progression of cells at S-phase of cell cycle and therefore limits proliferation of HCC cells. (B) High glucose diminishes DKK4 expression allowing activation of canonical Wnt signaling because of inactivation of β–catenin degradation complex, by Wnt3a proteins. Increase in β–catenin level enhances its transcriptional activity and promotes c-Myc expression which causes uncontrolled proliferation of HCC cells.