Table 4.

Celiac disease risk in relation to each specific maternal and perinatal condition for all children and divided for boys and girls, respectively (Results from the multivariate analysis)

Maternal and perinatal exposures		All children		Boys		Girls
		OR (95 % CI)	P-value	OR (95 % CI)	P-value	OR (95 % CI)	P-value
Maternal age	<25	1.0		1.0		1.0
	25–29	1.1 (1.0–1.2)	0.01	1.1 (1.0–1.3)	0.07	1.1 (1.0–1.2)	0.04
	30–34	1.0 (0.9–1.1)	0.75	1.0 (0.9–1.2)	0.87	1.0 (0.9–1.1)	0.52
	≥35	0.8 (0.7–0.9)	<0.001	0.8 (0.7–0.9)	0.01	0.8 (0.7–0.9)	<0.001
Disposable income (per 100 SEK)	Low	1.0		1.0		1.0
	Middle	1.2 (1.1–1.2)	<0.001	1.1 (1.0–1.3)	0.01	1.2 (1.1–1.3)	<0.001
	High	0.9 (0.8–0.9)	<0.001	0.8 (0.7–0.9)	0.01	0.9 (0.8–0.9)	0.002
Body mass index (kg/m2)	18.50–24.99	1.0		1.00
	<18.50	1.0 (0.8–1.2)	0.85	1.0 (0.7–1.3)	0.90
	25.00–29.99	0.9 (0.9–0.9)	0.04	0.9 (0.8–0.9)	0.03
	≥30	0.9 (0.8–1.0)	0.09	0.8 (0.7–0.9)	0.04
Parity (n)	1	1.0		1.00		1.00
	2	1.2 (1.1–1.2)	<0.001	1.2 (1.0–1.3)	0.01	1.2 (1.1–1.2)	<0.001
	≥3	1.0 (0.9–1.1)	0.58	1.1 (0.9–1.2)	0.34	1.0 (0.9–1.1)	0.53
Duration of pregnancy (weeks)	37–45	1.0		1.00		1.00
	<37	0.9 (0.8–1.2)	0.86	1.1 (0.8–1.4)	0.62	0.9 (0.8–1.0)	0.90
Premature rupture of the membrane	No	1.00		1.00
	Yes	0.7 (0.5–0.9)	0.02	0.4 (0.2–0.8)	0.01
Mode of delivery	Vaginal			1.00
	Elective			1.2 (1.0–1.4)	0.02
Infant birth weight (grams)	≥2500	1.0		1.00
	1500–2499	1.0 (0.9–1.2)	0.73	1.0 (0.7–1.3)	0.97
	<1500	0.8 (0.5–1.2)	0.27	0.3 (0.1–0.9)	0.03
Sex	Male	1.0
	Female	1.8 (1.7–1.9)	<0.001
Apgar score at 5 min	≥7	1.0				1.00
	<7	0.7 (0.5–0.9)	0.02			0.5 (0.3–0.8)	0.003
Maternal infectionsa	No	1.0				1.00
	Yes	1.1 (1.1–1.2)	<0.001			1.1 (1.0–1.2)	0.006

OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval, SEK Swedish Krona

Multivariate logistic regression including all variables found to be statistically significant (p <0.05) in the bivariate analyses (Table 3)

^aIncludes both urinary tract infections and other maternal infections