Table 4.

Patients’ perceptions of the therapeutic alliance when treated by male and female chiropractors

Patients’ perceptions	Gender chiropractor	N	Meana	SD	t(df)	p
Overall WAV-12	Male	86	4.09	±0.60	t(181) = −0.18	0.86
	Female	97	4.10	±0.59
Goal dimension	Male	93	3.98	±0.66	t(195) = −0.11	0.92
	Female	104	3.99	±0.65
Task dimension	Male	96	4.11	±0.59	t(199) = 0.19	0.85
	Female	105	4.09	±0.64
Bond dimension	Male	90	4.17	±0.74	t(186) = −1.07	0.29
	Female	98	4.28	±0.66

^aMeasured on a 1–5 Likert scale, 5 representing an optimal alliance