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. 2016 May 31;9:3269–3280. doi: 10.2147/OTT.S99989

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© 2016 Nema et al. This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited

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S1P mediates its functions through S1PRs.

Notes: Extracellular S1Ps engage with S1PRs (1–5) that activate a number of signaling molecules, including ERK1/2, PLC, and small GTPase of the Rho family. S1P–S1PR signaling regulates myriad of cellular and physiological processes.

Abbreviations: S1P, sphingosine-1-phosphate; S1PR, S1P receptor; ERK, extracellular signal-regulated kinase; PLC, phospholipase C; EGF, epidermal growth factor; PM, plasma membrane.