Table 1.

CKiD Highlights

Summary Points

The CKiD equation. A more precise and accurate estimate of GFR than prior equations was devised. Incorporates height, gender, serum creatinine, cystatin C, and blood urea nitrogen The CKiD bedside equation. A clinical useful tool which contains an updated constant of 0.413 to the original Schwartz formula for children with CKD Hemoglobin declines in a linear fashion below a threshold GFR of 43 ml/min per 1.73 m2 Long-standing CKD may be associated with better psychosocial functioning than those with shorter duration of disease Increasing degrees of urinary incontinence were associated with lower measures of quality of life Approximately 30% of patients with CKD reported trouble sleeping or low energy. Long-standing CKD may be protective The prevalence of sleep problems or fatigue was 25%. Participants with lower GFR were more likely to report severe weakness than those with greater GFR 54% of the children had at least one measure of hypertension 39% of children with BP >90th percentile were not receiving treatment 48% of those being treated for hypertension remained uncontrolled 17% of all participants had LVH and 9% had concentric left ventricular remodeling Lower levels of GFR, nephrotic range proteinuria, and obesity were associated with an increased prevalence of dyslipidemia Low birth weight (<2500 g), prematurity (<36 wk), small for gestational age (<10th percentile for gestational age), or intensive care unit admission were associated with poor growth outcomes in children with CKD

CKiD, Chronic Kidney Disease in Children; CKD, chronic kidney disease; LVH, left ventricular hypertension.