Table 1.

Associations of patient demographic and tumor‐related characters with OS

Parameter	Patients	Death	MST	Univariate analysisa		Multivariate analysisb
	No.	No.	(months)	HR (95% CI)	P	HR (95% CI)	P
Age (years)
≤58	259	111	65.5	1.00		1.00
>58	257	123	57.6	1.16 (0.9–1.50)	0.254	1.28 (0.97–1.69)	0.079
Sex
Male	389	173	63.3	1.00		1.00
Female	127	61	46.7	1.07 (0.80–1.43)	0.657	1.08 (0.67–1.76)	0.752
Smoking status
Never	158	76	46.5	1.00		1.00
Ever	358	158	63.9	0.91 (0.69–1.20)	0.494	1.05 (0.65–1.69)	0.842
Alcohol intake
Never	311	139	61.6	1.00		1.00
Ever	205	95	57.7	0.98 (0.75–1.27)	0.871	0.99 (0.72–1.36)	0.946
Family history of cancer
No	440	202	59.1	1.00		1.00
Yes	76	32	NA	0.89 (0.61–1.29)	0.538	0.86 (0.58–1.27)	0.451
Histological types
Squamous Carcinoma	242	106	67.7	1.00		1.00
Adenocarcinoma	249	124	46.5	1.22 (0.94–1.58)	0.137	1.37 (0.99–1.89)	0.055
Others	25	4	NA	0.29 (0.11–0.79)	0.015	0.26 (0.06–1.09)	0.065
TNM stage
Ia	38	5	NA	1.00		1.00
Ib	87	23	NA	2.34 (0.89–6.16)	0.085	2.63 (0.99–6.99)	0.053
IIa	62	24	NA	3.78 (1.44–9.92)	0.007	4.2 (1.59–11.13)	0.004
IIb	63	26	NA	4.70 (1.80–12.24)	0.002	5.24 (1.98–13.87)	0.001
IIIa	168	102	23.3	8.35 (3.40–20.53)	<.0001	8.68 (3.47–21.69)	<.0001
IIIb	28	21	16	12.64 (4.75–33.64)	<.0001	11.13 (4.07–30.48)	<.0001
IV	39	26	17	10.74 (4.12–28.05)	<.0001	10.21 (3.86–27.03)	<.0001
Missing	31
Laterality
Left	236	117	41.9	1.00		1.00
Right	275	113	66.3	0.79 (0.61–1.03)	0.077	0.93 (0.71–1.22)	0.589
Others	5
Surgical approach
Lobectomy or sublobectomy	442	181	85.3	1.00		1.00
Pneumonectomy	74	53	18.6	2.56 (1.88–3.49)	<.0001	1.82 (1.28–2.58)	0.001
Chemotherapyc
No	209	87	NA	1.00		1.00
Yes	307	147	48.9	1.07 (0.82–1.40)	0.613	0.87 (0.64–1.20)	0.398
Radiotherapyc
No	372	156	84.8	1.00		1.00
Yes	144	78	38.7	1.24 (0.95–1.63)	0.120	1.04 (0.75–1.44)	0.812
DNA source
Fresh	126	33	NA	1.00		1.00
FFPE	390	201	57.6	1.34 (0.92–1.95)	0.132	1.42 (0.97–2.09)	0.073

FFPE, formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded; MST, median survival time; OS, overall survival; HR, hazards ratio; 95% confidence interval, 95% CI; not available, NA.

^aunivariate analysis.

^bAdjusted by other variables in Table 1.

^cChemotherapy or Radiotherapy after operation.