Table 2.
Neuropsychological test performance
| Neuropsychological test | No chronic marijuana use
|
Chronic marijuana use
|
Two-way ANOVA
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HIV-negative subjects (n = 30), mean ± SEM | HIV-positive subjects (n = 21), mean ± SEM | HIV-negative subjects (n = 24), mean ± SEM | HIV-positive subjects (n = 21), mean ± SEM | HIV effect | Marijuana effect | HIV × Marijuana interaction | |
| NART | 43.23 ± 1.77 | 35.67 ± 2.92 | 47.33 ± 1.71 | 40.24 ± 2.85 | p = 0.002 | (p = 0.06) | n.s. |
| Est VIQ | 112.88± 1.57 | 106.16 ± 2.60 | 116.50 ± 1.49 | 110.23 ± 2.54 | p = 0.002 | (p = 0.06) | n.s. |
| Gross motor | |||||||
| Timed Gait | 8.59 ± 0.20 | 10.32 ± 0.42 | 8.45 ± 0.26 | 9.45 ± 0.23 | p < 0.0001 | (p = 0.07) | n.s. |
| Fine motor | |||||||
| Pegboard Dominant hand | 65.67 ± 2.10 | 74.19 ± 3.19 | 62.75 ± 1.69 | 64.86 ± 2.66 | p = 0.03 | p = 0.01 | n.s. |
| Pegboard Nondominant | 72.47 ± 3.17 | 87.95 ± 5.92 | 71.67 ± 2.52 | 73.48 ± 2.60 | p = 0.02 | p = 0.04 | p = 0.07 |
| Psychomotor | |||||||
| Symbol Digit | 52.23 ± 1.07 | 45.67 ± 2.35 | 56.58 ± 2.28 | 47.75 ± 3.07 | p = 0.0006 | (p = 0.1) | n.s. |
| Trail Making A | 31.10 ± 2.03 | 34.57 ± 2.31 | 28.04 ± 1.98 | 30.43 ± 2.54 | n.s. | (p = 0.1) | n.s. |
| Trail Making B | 58.13 ± 3.20 | 81.10 ± 8.28 | 52.46 ± 2.92 | 68.19 ± 4.68 | p = 0.0001 | (p = 0.06) | n.s. |
| Memory | |||||||
| AVLT 1 | 6.60 ± 0.32 | 5.81 ± 0.41 | 6.92 ± 0.45 | 6.48 ± 0.40 | (p = 0.1) | n.s. | n.s. |
| AVLT 5 | 11.77 ± 0.53 | 10.71 ± 0.57 | 12.08 ± 0.50 | 11.76 ± 0.44 | n.s. | n.s. | n.s. |
| AVLT6 | 10.70 ± 0.54 | 8.91 ± 0.76 | 10.67 ± 0.54 | 9.33 ± 0.91 | p = 0.02 | n.s. | n.s. |
| AVLT7 | 10.30 ± 0.49 | 9.10 ± 0.77 | 10.46 ± 0.61 | 8.40 ± 0.94 | p = 0.02 | n.s. | n.s. |
| Executive | |||||||
| Stroop Color | 61.54 ± 2.19 | 71.25 ± 4.27 | 57.09 ± 2.15 | 62.48 ± 2.74 | p = 0.009 | p = 0.02 | n.s. |
| Stroop Word | 46.21 ± 1.53 | 49.29 ± 3.11 | 42.09 ± 1.16 | 47.38 ± 1.75 | p = 0.04 | (p = 0.1) | n.s. |
| Stroop Interference | 114.21± 4.55 | 133.65 ± 9.48 | 99.09 ± 3.82 | 124.71 ± 8.96 | p = 0.001 | (p = 0.08) | n.s. |
| CalCAP tasks—reaction time (RT) | |||||||
| Simple RT | 303.20± 13.59 | 349.62 ± 18.51 | 303.96 ± 18.27 | 354.29 ± 44.42 | p = 0.05** | n.s. | n.s. |
| Choice RT | 380.43± 6.02 | 413.05 ± 10.92 | 373.21 ± 5.72 | 416.33 ± 17.76 | p = 0.0004*** | n.s. | n.s. |
| Cued RT | 416.33± 17.29 | 423.10 ± 20.51 | 365.63 ± 9.59 | 408.43 ± 17.01 | p = 0.1** | p = 0.05 | n.s. |
| 1Back RT | 528.43± 16.09 | 600.10 ± 31.17 | 499.58 ± 15.59 | 543.81 ± 26.68 | p = 0.01** | (p = 0.06) | n.s. |
| 2Back RT | 733.00± 23.65 | 877.71 ± 32.71 | 643.08 ± 29.19 | 758.91 ± 58.03 | p = 0.0005 | p = 0.005 | n.s. |
| 1Incr RT | 590.87± 17.97 | 656.81 ± 25.03 | 553.63 ± 26.59 | 617.33 ± 25.12 | p = 0.007 | (p = 0.1) | n.s. |
| DegWord RT | 515.23± 12.63 | 578.38 ± 32.83 | 492.63 ± 11.54 | 584.95 ± 29.71 | p = 0.0006** | n.s. | n.s. |
| Form RT | 704.70± 25.55 | 824.91 ± 34.00 | 662.63 ± 19.82 | 813.67 ± 44.51 | p < 0.0001* | n.s. | n.s. |
| RevWord RT | 617.20± 15.35 | 695.86 ± 25.83 | 598.83 ± 17.83 | 697.76 ± 32.29 | p = 0.0002* | n.s. | n.s. |
**
p ≤ 0.05 after covarying for education and CES-D;
***
p ≤ 0.005 after covarying for education and CES-D.
p Values in parentheses indicate trends for significance.